Abdul Samad, Saleem Raja, Pradeepa Ganesan, Sujatha Krishna, Justin Rajasekaran, Singaravelan Murugan, Sathya Ramasamy, Peerbasha Shebbeer Basha, and Bala Samuvel Joseph Gnana Sekar. 2026. “HSS-GAT: A Memory-Efficient Hybrid Structural and Semantic Learning Using Graph Attention Networks and TF-IDF Features for AI-Generated Text Classification”. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning 6 (3):1246-62. https://doi.org/10.51483/IJAIML.2706.